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The Pontifical Urban University, also called the ''Urbaniana'' after its names in both Latin and Italian ((ラテン語:Pontificia Universitas Urbaniana), (イタリア語: Pontificia Università Urbaniana)) is a pontifical university under the authority of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples. The university's mission is to train priests, religious brothers and sisters, and lay people for service as missionaries. Its campus is located on the Janiculum Hill in Rome, on extraterritorial property of the Holy See. ==History== From its beginnings, the Urbaniana has always been an academic institution with a missionary character that has served the Catholic Church through the formation of missionaries and experts in the area of Missiology or other disciplines, necessary in the evangelizational activity of the Church. The origins of the university date back to Pope Urban VIII who decided to establish a new college with his papal bull ''Immortalis Dei Filius'' of August 1, 1627. Pope Urban saw that it was necessary to establish a central seminary for the missions where young priests could be educated, both for countries which had no national college, but also those that did. A central international college would allow priests to make acquaintances and form mutually helpful relationships in other countries. The new college was called the Collegium Urbanum from the name of its founder and placed under the immediate direction of the Congregation of Propaganda (now called the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples). After the College's foundation, a certain Spanish prelate by the name of Batta Vives donated a suitable building for the purpose near the Piazza di Spagna. Under Pope Alexander VII, the Church of the Three Magi was added to the building. Vives established six free scholarships, to which were later added foundations by other pontiffs and prelates, especially Innocent XII, Clement XII, and the brother of Urban VIII, Cardinal Antonio Barberini. In 1798, following the disruption surrounding the creation of the Roman Republic and the Napoleonic Wars, the college was closed and some of the students were received by the Lazarists at Montecitorio.〔 This arrangement lasted until 1809, when even this last remnant of the college was suppressed. In 1814, however, some of the Propaganda students were again received by the Lazarists, and in 1817 the Urbaniana was reopened. From 1836 until 1848, it operated under the direction of the Jesuits. 〔 At the beginning of the twentieth century, the Urban College was still housed in the Palazzo di Propaganda Fide in Piazza di Spagna. At that time, the average number of its resident students was about one hundred and ten.〔 Those resident students were necessarily from countries that fell under the responsibility of the ''Propaganda''. Then as now, however, the Urbaniana operates its own schools, which are attended by other students not subject to the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples.〔 In fact, since 1966, the Urbaniana has accepted the affiliation of seminaries and institutes of Philosophy, Theology, Missiology, and Canon Law from all over the world. The total number of students educated under the auspices of the Urbanianum was about five hundred in 1910.〔 In 1926, the College moved from its historic home in the Piazza di Spagna to its current campus on the Janiculum, overlooking Saint Peter's Square. Its first home there was a relatively modest building, but it is now housed in a much-expanded group of buildings. The university was endowed with the title "pontifical" with the motu proprio ''Fidei Propagandae'' of Pope John XXIII on October 1, 1962.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pontifical Urban University」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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